What Peter Thiel believes

Peter Thiel (pronounced Teel), the founder of Paypal, has an interesting if somewhat whacky mind, as seen in his below article, “The Education of a Libertarian.”

In introductory comments, Owen Thomas correctly criticizes Thiel for his statement that intelligent people take drugs, and boringly PC in his horrified dismissal of Thiel’s idea that women’s political rights are incompatible with liberty.

Thiel believes in capitalism and freedom. He feels freedom is likely finished in all existing societies. So he’s looking elsewhere, such as sea steading. But how much freedom could there be on a sea-stead? Such a community would have to be highly organized to function, with not much room for individual freedom.

Thiel is a libertarian, but with an openness to traditionalist ideas.

Facebook Backer Wishes Women Couldn’t Vote
By Owen Thomas, 2:53 PM on Tue Apr 28 2009, 44,066 views

Peter Thiel, foremost among Silicon Valley’s loopy libertarians and the first outside investor in Facebook, has written an essay declaring that the country went to hell as soon as women won the right to vote.

Thiel is the former CEO of PayPal who now runs the $2 billion hedge fundClarium Capital and a venture-capital firm called the Founders Fund. His best-returning investment to date, though, has been Facebook. His $500,000 investment is now worth north of $100 million even by the most conservative valuations of the social network.

On the side, though, his pet passion is libertarianism and the fantasy that everything would be better in the world if government just quit nagging everybody. But, now he’s given up hope on achieving his vision through political means because, as he writes in Cato Unbound, a website run by the Cato Institute, all those voting females have wrecked things:

The 1920s were the last decade in American history during which one could be genuinely optimistic about politics. Since 1920, the vast increase in welfare beneficiaries and the extension of the franchise to women—two constituencies that are notoriously tough for libertarians—have rendered the notion of “capitalist democracy” into an oxymoron.

So there you have it: The problem with women is that they don’t vote like their menfolk tell them. We would have so much more freedom, Thiel suggests, if only we’d deprived women of it.

You may wonder: Is Thiel on drugs? The answer, according to Thiel, is yes:

As a young lawyer and trader in Manhattan in the 1990s, I began to understand why so many become disillusioned after college. The world appears too big a place. Rather than fight the relentless indifference of the universe, many of my saner peers retreated to tending their small gardens. The higher one’s IQ, the more pessimistic one became about free-market politics—capitalism simply is not that popular with the crowd. Among the smartest conservatives, this pessimism often manifested in heroic drinking; the smartest libertarians, by contrast, had fewer hang-ups about positive law and escaped not only to alcohol but beyond it.

“Positive law” is Libertarian-speak for laws which proscribe certain activities, such as taking drugs. Translate Thiel’s language, and you’ll see that he’s saying anyone in his generation who wasn’t taking drugs was an idiot. Which squares with rumors we’d heard about Thiel during his PayPal days, especially while he was fitfully coming out as a gay man. With a life like that, we can understand Thiel’s visceral dislike of the government. But what did women ever do to him?

THE EDUCATION OF A LIBERTARIAN
by PETER THIEL REACTION ESSAY April 13th, 2009

I remain committed to the faith of my teenage years: to authentic human freedom as a precondition for the highest good. I stand against confiscatory taxes, totalitarian collectives, and the ideology of the inevitability of the death of every individual. For all these reasons, I still call myself “libertarian.”

But I must confess that over the last two decades, I have changed radically on the question of how to achieve these goals. Most importantly, I no longer believe that freedom and democracy are compatible. By tracing out the development of my thinking, I hope to frame some of the challenges faced by all classical liberals today.

As a Stanford undergraduate studying philosophy in the late 1980s, I naturally was drawn to the give-and-take of debate and the desire to bring about freedom through political means. I started a student newspaper to challenge the prevailing campus orthodoxies; we scored some limited victories, most notably in undoing speech codes instituted by the university. But in a broader sense we did not achieve all that much for all the effort expended. Much of it felt like trench warfare on the Western Front in World War I; there was a lot of carnage, but we did not move the center of the debate. In hindsight, we were preaching mainly to the choir—even if this had the important side benefit of convincing the choir’s members to continue singing for the rest of their lives.

As a young lawyer and trader in Manhattan in the 1990s, I began to understand why so many become disillusioned after college. The world appears too big a place. Rather than fight the relentless indifference of the universe, many of my saner peers retreated to tending their small gardens. The higher one’s IQ, the more pessimistic one became about free-market politics—capitalism simply is not that popular with the crowd. Among the smartest conservatives, this pessimism often manifested in heroic drinking; the smartest libertarians, by contrast, had fewer hang-ups about positive law and escaped not only to alcohol but beyond it.

As one fast-forwards to 2009, the prospects for a libertarian politics appear grim indeed. Exhibit A is a financial crisis caused by too much debt and leverage, facilitated by a government that insured against all sorts of moral hazards—and we know that the response to this crisis involves way more debt and leverage, and way more government. Those who have argued for free markets have been screaming into a hurricane. The events of recent months shatter any remaining hopes of politically minded libertarians. For those of us who are libertarian in 2009, our education culminates with the knowledge that the broader education of the body politic has become a fool’s errand.

Indeed, even more pessimistically, the trend has been going the wrong way for a long time. To return to finance, the last economic depression in the United States that did not result in massive government intervention was the collapse of 1920–21. It was sharp but short, and entailed the sort of Schumpeterian “creative destruction” that could lead to a real boom. The decade that followed—the roaring 1920s—was so strong that historians have forgotten the depression that started it. The 1920s were the last decade in American history during which one could be genuinely optimistic about politics. Since 1920, the vast increase in welfare beneficiaries and the extension of the franchise to women—two constituencies that are notoriously tough for libertarians—have rendered the notion of “capitalist democracy” into an oxymoron.

In the face of these realities, one would despair if one limited one’s horizon to the world of politics. I do not despair because I no longer believe that politics encompasses all possible futures of our world. In our time, the great task for libertarians is to find an escape from politics in all its forms—from the totalitarian and fundamentalist catastrophes to the unthinking demos that guides so-called “social democracy.”

The critical question then becomes one of means, of how to escape not via politics but beyond it. Because there are no truly free places left in our world, I suspect that the mode for escape must involve some sort of new and hitherto untried process that leads us to some undiscovered country; and for this reason I have focused my efforts on new technologies that may create a new space for freedom. Let me briefly speak to three such technological frontiers:

(1) Cyberspace. As an entrepreneur and investor, I have focused my efforts on the Internet. In the late 1990s, the founding vision of PayPal centered on the creation of a new world currency, free from all government control and dilution—the end of monetary sovereignty, as it were. In the 2000s, companies like Facebook create the space for new modes of dissent and new ways to form communities not bounded by historical nation-states. By starting a new Internet business, an entrepreneur may create a new world. The hope of the Internet is that these new worlds will impact and force change on the existing social and political order. The limitation of the Internet is that these new worlds are virtual and that any escape may be more imaginary than real. The open question, which will not be resolved for many years, centers on which of these accounts of the Internet proves true.

(2) Outer space. Because the vast reaches of outer space represent a limitless frontier, they also represent a limitless possibility for escape from world politics. But the final frontier still has a barrier to entry: Rocket technologies have seen only modest advances since the 1960s, so that outer space still remains almost impossibly far away. We must redouble the efforts to commercialize space, but we also must be realistic about the time horizons involved. The libertarian future of classic science fiction, à la Heinlein, will not happen before the second half of the 21st century.

(3) Seasteading. Between cyberspace and outer space lies the possibility of settling the oceans. To my mind, the questions about whether people will live there (answer: enough will) are secondary to the questions about whether seasteading technology is imminent. From my vantage point, the technology involved is more tentative than the Internet, but much more realistic than space travel. We may have reached the stage at which it is economically feasible, or where it soon will be feasible. It is a realistic risk, and for this reason I eagerly support this initiative.

The future of technology is not pre-determined, and we must resist the temptation of technological utopianism—the notion that technology has a momentum or will of its own, that it will guarantee a more free future, and therefore that we can ignore the terrible arc of the political in our world.

A better metaphor is that we are in a deadly race between politics and technology. The future will be much better or much worse, but the question of the future remains very open indeed. We do not know exactly how close this race is, but I suspect that it may be very close, even down to the wire. Unlike the world of politics, in the world of technology the choices of individuals may still be paramount. The fate of our world may depend on the effort of a single person who builds or propagates the machinery of freedom that makes the world safe for capitalism.

For this reason, all of us must wish Patri Friedman the very best in his extraordinary experiment.

- end of initial entry -

Richard W. writes:

There is another code phrase in this essay besides “positive laws” that you may not have noticed. Among the ideas he disagrees with he lists: “the ideology of the inevitability of the death of every individual.”

What could that possibly mean? Well having spent quite a bit of time slumming in the lands of the transhumanists I am fairly certain that it his way of identifying with their ideology.

Transhumanism is focused on the creation of intelligent computers, and the melding of human consciousness with those computers, or rebasing (downloading) onto such super computers, and a myriad of variations on this theme.

The writer Max More has done a great deal of writing on the topic and has attempted to establish a new philosophy that is in keeping with transhumanist ideals and asperations. It is called “extropy.” (Defined as sort of the opposite of entropy)

Anyway this brief phrase tells me a lot about his thinking, and was easy to miss so I thought I’d point it out.

Will C. writes:

You write:

“Thiel is a libertarian, but with an openness to traditionalist ideas.”

I’d describe myself in a similar fashion. I work for The Seasteading Institute, and one of the basic concepts behind what we call “competitive governance” is that socially conservative societies will almost certainly arise in a world where there is a low barrier to entry to forming a new government, and that that’s a feature, and not a bug.

“But how much freedom could there be on a sea-stead? Such a community would have to be highly organized to function, with not much room for individual freedom.”

At the beginning, certainly, each person would have to do a lot of work to keep the society functioning. But I think that since people are self-selecting to form these societies, they would be in general agreement as to the specific types of freedom they value most, and would work to allow those specific freedoms even if the rest of daily life had to be conducted in a strict, military-type fashion. Long-term, we think that technology will get to the point that this won’t be an issue.

Leonard D. writes:

I wish you had just linked to the Thiel piece itself, without also quoting that tendentious progressive smear artist at Gawker. Thiel does not, contra the claims of Thomas, advocate abolishing woman suffrage. See this followup. He does say that mass democracy and liberty (“freedom”) are irreconciliable.

Thiel may believe that intelligent people should take drugs, but his writing only supports the notion that in his opinion, intelligent conservatives did take drugs. These are different. He does apparently support drug legalization, as almost all libertarians do.

About seasteading: seasteads (if they happen) are probably going to be mobile. Given mobility, exit is always available cheaply, and a libertarian political logic is inevitable. That is why libertarians are interested in seasteading. As for freedom on the high seas, that would be freedom in a political sense (I would prefer to call it liberty). You are right that the ocean is demanding, and in that sense would require organization, planning, etc.

Matthew writes:

You mention that in Thiel’s perfect society the “community would have to be highly organized to function, with not much room for individual freedom.” I wonder if you have read Hans-Hermann Hoppe’s Democracy: The God That Failed? Hoppe believes in a strong regulated community in which the family and church provide order rather than an omnipresent far-away State ruling remotely through taxation and man-made law. Since all communities are independent from one another and since people choose their communities based on common interests members have are willing to submit to the organized hierarchical system. This system and its level of organization would be different depending on the shared values of the community. A hippy-based commune predicated on free love would be rather different from a modern Catholic community or a traditionalist approach. It is the ability to choose where one lives and with whom that allows willing submission to authority.


Posted by Lawrence Auster at August 25, 2009 08:41 AM | Send
    

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